Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus and Social Identity Theory

Abstract

This paper delves deeply into the intricate themes woven throughout Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley's Frankenstein, illuminating critical aspects such as family dynamics, societal expectations, isolation, the pursuit of ambition, and the inherent fallibility of human nature—all of which play pivotal roles in the formation of identity. The analysis begins with a thorough exploration of the complex relationships within families, highlighting how these connections can both nurture and hinder personal growth. It scrutinizes the rigid structures of society that dictate individual roles and aspirations, particularly in light of the sweeping changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution. This period not only transformed economies but also reshaped social hierarchies, leading to pronounced class disparities that are crucial to understanding the text’s context. Employing social identity theory as a framework, the paper enriches our comprehension of how individual ambition can be stifled or propelled by societal rejection. This dynamic is particularly relevant during the Romantic era, when class struggles were at the forefront of social consciousness. Moreover, the investigation of identity in relation to ethical considerations and the intricate nature of human connection reveals significant insights into how Frankenstein was perceived by nineteenth-century audiences. By examining the societal factors that contributed to the text’s mixed reception—from fears surrounding unchecked ambition to anxieties about the moral implications of scientific advancement—this paper provides a nuanced understanding of why Shelley's work initially faced adversity and controversy, enriching its relevance then and now.